• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a double wall (1) comprising a first (21) and a second wall shell (22) made of concrete, in which first (21) and second wall shell (22) a reinforcing element (2) is at least partially integrated, wherein between the first (21) and the second wall shell (22) an insulating element (23) is arranged. The reinforcing element (2) has a first reinforcing mat (3) which is integrated in the first wall shell (21) and a second reinforcing mat (4) which is integrated into the second wall shell (22). The reinforcing mats (4) are at angled points (8) welded to each other metallic mat rods (7) and with respect to the first (5) and second mat plane (6) by rod-shaped spacers (9) at a normal distance (10) held each other distanced. The spacers (9) are metallic and are non-releasably connected by welded joints (11), preferably resistance welded joints, to individual mat bars (7) of the first (3) and second reinforcing mat (4). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the double wall (1).
    公开号:AT516119A1
    申请号:T50566/2014
    申请日:2014-08-12
    公开日:2016-02-15
    发明作者:Hubert Ing Rapperstorfer
    申请人:Rapperstorfer Hubert；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a double wall, and a method for producing a double wall, as specified in claims 1 and 11.
    A generic double wall is known from DE 100 66 261 B4. This double wall has a first and a second wall shell, which are interconnected by a lattice girder. Damping elements are arranged on the first wall shell, which are applied between the individual lattice girders on one of the two wall shells.
    The embodiment known from DE 100 66 261 B4 has the disadvantage that the individual insulating elements are arranged only between the lattice girders and thus free spaces are present in the region of the lattice girders, which are filled with concrete when the double wall is filled and act as thermal bridges , Furthermore, the lattice girders only create an unstable connection between the two wall shells.
    The present invention has for its object to provide an improved double wall, which is stably constructed and good insulating properties auf¬weist, and anzuge¬ben a method for producing such a double wall.
    This object of the invention is achieved by the measures according to claims 1 and 11.
    According to the invention, a double wall is formed comprising a first and a second wall shell made of concrete, in which first and second wall shell a reinforcement element is at least partially integrated, wherein an insulation element is arranged between the first and the second wall shell. The reinforcing element has a first reinforcing mat which is integrated in the first wall shell and a second reinforcing mat which is integrated in the second wall shell. The reinforcing mats have nodal points at an angle to each other welded metallic mat rods and are held with respect to their first and second plane of the mat by rod-shaped spacers in a Nor¬malabstand each other distanced. The spacers are metallic and connected by welds, preferably Widerstandsschweißverbindun¬gen, with individual mat rods of the first and the second reinforcement mat undetachable.
    An advantage of the embodiment according to the invention is that by welding the two reinforcing mats to one another by means of the spacers, a stable three-dimensional reinforcing element can be formed. This reinforcing element or the double wall can be well moved by means of a crane or other lifting means and is thus transportable in an automated or semi-automated production line. A further advantage of the double wall according to the invention is that it can be produced using as few individual parts as possible and thus has the lowest possible weight on the one hand and, moreover, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the insulation element can easily be introduced into the double wall during the production process. Thus, the erfindungs¬gemäße insulated double wall is simpler and less expensive to produce compared to previously known double walls and also has even over an improved insulation. An additional advantage of the double wall according to the invention is that the installed reinforcing element has two mutually spaced reinforcing mats which are integrated into the two wall shells. The use of reinforcing mats increases the pull-out strength of the reinforcement element from the wall shell compared to a comparable double wall with lattice girder arrangement. Thus, the security can be increased, since unwanted detachment of the wall shell from the reinforcement element can be kept back. This is particularly important on the construction site, since concrete parts falling down during lifting operations would represent a serious safety risk for the workers. In addition, by using a reinforcing element according to the invention, the concrete cover of the wall shell can be reduced, as a result of which the complete double wall can be manufactured by weight reduction. This brings savings in production. In addition, a weight-reduced double wall can be transported inexpensively and environmentally friendly, in addition, the handling of the double wall is facilitated during a Verhebevorganges.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the insulating element has a substantially plate-shaped form, wherein the insulating element is penetrated by the Abstandhal¬tern. The advantage here is that the insulation element can be made externally and due to its plate-like shape as a whole indie double wall can be introduced. Another advantage is that the Isolie¬ rungselement is penetrated by the spacers, since thus only small Wär¬mebrücken are formed at which the insulating value of the double wall is deteriorated. In a preferred embodiment, the holes in the insulation element, which are penetrated by the spacers, kept as small as possible in order to achieve a possible good insulation of the double wall.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that at least individual spacers project at least the first mat plane of the first reinforcing mat in a direction away from the second reinforcing mat direction around a first projection to the outside and erstre¬cken to an outer surface of the first wall shell. The advantage here is that in the manufacturing process for producing the Dop¬pelwand the three-dimensional and stable welded reinforcing element can be placed on a flat surface, so that the first reinforcing mat in ei¬nem predefined distance, which corresponds to the first supernatant, are arranged away from this flat surface can. Thus, the first Beweh¬rungsmatte can be introduced to an outer surface spaced apart in the double wall, without having to provide additional support means.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that the spacers also project beyond the second mat plane of the second reinforcing mat in a direction away from the first reinforcing mat direction about a second protrusion to the outside.
    The advantage here is that not only the first reinforcement mat of the double wall can be kept at a defined distance to a flat support surface, but that when turning the double wall during the Fer¬tigungsprozesses and the second reinforcing mat can be kept at a defined distance from a flat support surface ,
    In addition, it can be provided that the spacers are aligned normal to Mat¬tenebenen. It is advantageous here that the spacers can be positioned quickly and easily between the reinforcement mats during the production process. In addition, this alignment of the spacers allows the first reinforcing mat and the second reinforcing mat to be positioned together. In addition, in the manufacturing process, the insulation element can be simply plugged onto the spacers, so that on the one hand the manufacturing process can be carried out as quickly and inexpensively as possible and on the other hand the insulation element can be molded precisely to the spacers, so that as few thermal bridges occur.
    Also advantageous is an embodiment according to which it can be provided that protective caps are arranged in at least one end section of at least individual spacers. The protective caps serve in this case during the production process of the double wall as protection for the surface of a Schaβlungspalette on which the reinforcing element rests. After completion of the double wall, the protective caps serve as corrosion protection for the spacers provided with the protective cap. Without a protective cap, the spacers on the surface would be accessible to oxidation-promoting air.
    According to a development, it is possible that the protective caps are made of a plastic material, in particular formed by an injection molded part, and have a receiving bore whose diameter is equal to or slightly smaller dimensioned than the diameter of the spacers in the region of the supernatant. In particular, protective caps made of a plastic material have good corrosion resistance and can be produced quickly and easily in mass production. In particular, for the production in a Seri¬ sfertigungigungsprozess injection molded parts are suitable, the shape of injection molding parts can be chosen freely. If the receiving bore of the protective caps is selected to be slightly smaller than or equal to the diameter of the spacers, the protective caps can be well placed on the spacer, so that they do not fall down undesirably during the production process.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that the protective caps are tapered and / or rounded in an end section facing away from the receiving bore. The advantage here is that the protective caps thereby have a support surface or support end, which can be attached to a formwork element. Furthermore, can be achieved by the taper that in the finished component, such as a double wall, the visible on the surface support the protective cap is as small as possible or as little as possible from the Schutzkappeand the surface can be seen.
    In addition, it can be provided that at an angle to the Abstandhal¬tern extending tie rods are welded to the mat rods of the first and the second Be¬ungsungsmatte. An advantage of the additional tension rods is that the possible parallel displacement of the first and the second reinforcing mat to one another can be prevented or such a parallel displacement can be opposed by a large resistance force.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that a recess in the form of a circular bore or an elongated hole is formed in the insulating element, which is penetrated by the spacers. The advantage here is that by a prefabricated recess the insulation element can be easily added to the double wall. In particular, if the spacers are arranged at an angle normal to the mat levels, or if oblique tension bars are arranged in the reinforcing element, it is necessary that recesses in the form of oblong holes are introduced into the insulating element, so that the oblique bars can be accommodated in these oblong holes.
    In the method for producing a double wall, it is provided that this following method step comprises: providing a first reinforcing mat with metallic mat rods welded at an angle to one another at intersections; - Positioning rod-shaped spacers relative to the mat bars of the first reinforcement mat so; - Welding the spacers with the mat rods of the first reinforcement mat; Applying a substantially plate-shaped insulating member to the first reinforcing mat, the insulating member being penetrated by the rod-shaped spacer; - Positioning a second reinforcing mat at a normal distance to ers¬ten reinforcing mat, wherein the second reinforcing mat is positioned so that the spacers between the first reinforcing mat and second Be¬ reinforcement mat extend and protrude to a second projection with respect to the zwei¬ten reinforcement mat; - Welding the spacer with the mat rods of the second Beweh¬rungsmatte to provide a three-dimensional reinforcing element; - Providing a horizontally oriented shuttering palette and attaching Begrenzungsschalungen on the formwork pallet; - orders of a concrete layer on the formwork pallet; - immersing the first reinforcing mat of the reinforcing element in the Be¬tonschicht, shaking as needed shake pallet and / or the Be¬wehrungselementes; - Storage of the component until solidification or hardening of the concrete layer to a first wall shell; - Lifting the reinforcing element together with the first wall mounted thereon of the formwork pallet; - turning the reinforcement element together with the first wall shell attached thereto; - Providing a horizontally oriented shuttering palette and attaching Begrenzungsschalungen on the formwork pallet; - orders of a concrete layer on the formwork pallet; - immersing the second reinforcing mat of the reinforcing element in the Be¬tonschicht, shaking as needed shake pallet and / or the Be¬wehrungselementes; - Storage of the component until solidification or hardening of the concrete layer to a second wall shell.
    An advantage of the method according to the invention for producing the double wall according to the invention is that the rod-shaped spacers can be easily positioned or welded to the first reinforcing mat by a production line, in particular by a robot system. VonVorteil is further that for the production of the double wall, the formwork pallet wei¬testgehend can be prepared and the prepared reinforcement element can be lifted as a whole in the formwork pallet. As a result, the quality of the production process for producing a double wall can be considerably improved. On the one hand, the process speed can be increased because the reinforcing element can be lifted as a whole. On the other hand, the process accuracy or repetition accuracy can be increased, since the Beweh¬rungselement be executed by its preparation as a dimensionally stable component. The insulation element can be introduced after provision of the first Beweh¬rungsmatte and welding this with the spacers by hand or eben¬falls by robotic system in the double wall. The second reinforcing mat can then also be positioned by the production plant, in particular the robot system, relative to the first reinforcing mat and subsequently welded to the spacers, so that a stable, three-dimensional reinforcing element is produced. Such a reinforcing element gives the double wall a high degree of stability, so that it can be transported well within a production plant or even to external production sites. Another advantage is that the reinforcing element is permanently integrated into the wall shells after the two wall shells have been produced, and because of the stable structure of the reinforcement element, the double wall can be well moved or positioned in the production process. In addition, the Beweh¬ rungselement can be dipped by a turning device positionally accurate in the concrete layer of vor¬ preparing shuttering palette, so that the wall shells can be made posi¬tionsgenau. Furthermore, it can be provided that the individual method steps are carried out in a sequence which is different from this enumeration.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that the spacers are positioned relative to the mat bars of the first reinforcing mat such that the spacers protrude relative to the mat bars of the first reinforcing mat around a first supernatant. The fact that the spacers project beyond the mat bars of the first reinforcing mat to the outside by a first protrusion, it can be achieved that the three-dimensional and stable reinforcing element can be placed on a flat surface, so that the first reinforcing mat in ei¬nem a predetermined distance corresponding to the first supernatant , can be arranged away from this flat surface. Thus, it is no longer necessary to prepare the formwork pallet with any bottom rails, lattice girders, spacers, etc., as is the case in the production of conventional double walls.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the second reinforcing mat is positioned in such a way that the spacers protrude with respect to the mat rods of the second reinforcing mat around a second protrusion. The advantage here is that thereby not only the first reinforcing mat can be kept at a defined distance to a flat support surface, but that at einWenden the reinforcing element and the second reinforcing mat can be kept at a defined distance from a flat support surface in order to arm well a concrete component ,
    In addition, it can be provided that, before the positioning of the rod-shaped spacers, these are cut to length and provided with protective caps on at least one end section. The advantage here is that the rod-shaped spacers, if they are cut to length only in the manufacturing process, can be delivered as Stan¬genmaterial. Thus, an individually adjustable length of all spacers can be realized. It is also advantageous if the spacers are provided with protective caps already after cutting to length and before installation or welding in the first reinforcing mat, since this working step can be combined well with a cutting process in terms of production technology.
    According to a further development, it is also possible that tension rods running at an angle to the spacers are welded to the mat rods. The advantage here is that the tension rods can be welded easily and inexpensively to the mat stalls during the production process.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that, prior to the application of the plate-shaped insulating element, recesses in the form of a circular bore or a longitudinal hole are introduced into the latter. The advantage here is that by a prefabricated recess the insulation element can be easily added to the double wall. In particular, if the spacers are arranged at an angle normal to the mat levels, or if oblique tension bars are arranged in the reinforcing element, it is necessary that recesses in the form of oblong holes are introduced into the insulating element, so that the oblique bars can be accommodated in these oblong holes.
    Furthermore, it may be expedient that before the positioning of the second reinforcement mat, support rods running parallel to the first reinforcing mat are positioned and welded to the spacers and / or the tension rods. The advantage here is that support elements are formed by the support rods, on which the second reinforcement mat can be placed during the manufacturing process. Thus, it is easier for the manufacturing system or a production robot to be able to position the second reinforcement mat accordingly and to weld it to the spacers and / or the tension rods ¬te prevented or refrained as far as possible.
    Finally, it can be provided that the storage of the component is carried out until a solidification or hardening of the concrete layer to a first and / or second wall shell in a curing chamber. The advantage here is that the curing process of the wall shells can be accelerated. Thus, the period can be shortened to a sufficient curing of the wall shells so that they are transportable as soon as possible and the shuttering pallet is free again.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double wall with schematically ange¬deuteten wall shells and insulation element.
    Fig. 2 is a plan view of the double wall according to the perspective II of Fig. 1;
    FIG. 3 shows a side view of the double wall according to perspective III from FIG. 1; FIG.
    Fig. 4 is a side view according to the perspective III of Fig. 1 another
    Embodiment of a double wall;
    5 shows a detailed view of a spacer, as well as a protective cap arranged thereon;
    6 shows an illustration of a method step for producing a double wall, wherein in this method step only a part of the reinforcement is made;
    7 shows an illustration of a method step for producing a double wall, wherein in this method step the insulating element is introduced into the reinforcing element;
    8 shows an illustration of a method step for producing a double wall, namely preparing for the production of the first wall shell;
    9 is an illustration of a further process step for producing a double wall, namely production of the first wall shell;
    10 shows an illustration of a method step for producing a double wall, namely preparing for the production of the second wall shell;
    Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a complex reinforcing element for a double wall;
    Fig. 12 is a side view of a sandwich wall according to the perspective III of FIG. 1.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description apply mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals. same component names can be transferred. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as up, down, laterally, etc. related to the directly described and illustrated figure and these conditions are to be transferred in a change in position mutatis mutandis to the new situation.
    1 shows a double wall 1 according to the invention, shown by way of example, or a reinforcement element 2 introduced into the double wall 1, in a perspective view. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the double wall 1 in a plan view according to II from FIG. 1 and a side view according to III from FIG. 1, where the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the respective preceding figures. To avoid unnecessary Wiederholun¬gen, reference is made to the detailed description in the respective preceding figures or reference. For illustration. in order to explain the invention, the double wall 1 is shown only in ei¬nem exemplary cutout, wherein the reinforcing element 2 may have greater outer dimensions than shown, and wherein wall elements of the double wall 1 are shown partially in section.
    The double wall 1 according to the invention has a high thermal insulation value and can thus be used ideally as an outer wall for all types of buildings. The reinforcing element 2 installed in the double wall 1 has a first reinforcing mat 3 and a second reinforcing mat 4, which each have a first mat plane 5 and a second mat plane 6. The two Mattenebe¬nen 5, 6, as better seen in Fig. 3, each defined by the outermost points of the reinforcing mats 3, 4.
    The reinforcing mats 3, 4 each have a plurality of mat bars 7, which are arranged at an angle to each other. This results in a grid shape wherein the mat bars 7 are welded together at nodes 8 where they overlap. The mat rods 7 are preferably made of a reinforcing steel. A reinforcing mat 3, 4 is a lattice structure of bars welded together. The distance between the individual bars relative to each other can be regular or even irregular.
    These reinforcing mats 3, 4 can be purchased as standard finished parts and tailored accordingly on site. In an alternative variant it is also possible to cut off the mat rods 7 in the course of the production process of the reinforcement element 2 on site and to weld them together.
    As further seen in FIG. 1, rod-shaped spacers 9 are provided, which hold the individual reinforcing mats 3, 4 at a desired and predefined normal distance 10 at a distance from one another. The normal distance 10 is that distance in which the two mat levels 5, 6 of the reinforcing mat 3, 4 are arranged spaced from each other. The rod-shaped spacers 9, which are made of a metallic material, are connected to the mat rods 7 by a welded connection 11. The welded joint is preferably produced by resistance welding, in particular by resistance spot welding. The advantage here is that this welding process is easy to automate, and that in this welding process no filler material is needed. As an alternative to a resistance welding, however, it is also possible for the spacers 9 to be connected to one another, for example, by an MAG welding method or by a laser welding. It is advantageous if at least three Ab¬ spacers 9 are provided on a reinforcing element 2. As a result, the reinforcing element 2 can rest well on the spacers 9.
    Furthermore, as can be seen particularly well in FIG. 3, it may be provided that the spacers 9 protrude in a direction 12 facing away from the second reinforcing mat 4 about a first projection 13 opposite the first plane 5 of the mat. By this expression can be achieved that in the manufacturing process of the double wall 1, the first reinforcing mat 3 from a support plane, the rest of the reinforcing element 2 rests, is arranged at a distance. Thus, some concrete cover over the first reinforcing mat 3 can be achieved.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the spacers 9 are arranged in a direction away from the first reinforcing mat 3 direction 14 about a second projection 15 with respect to the second mat plane 6 above. The advantages of this can be seen analogously to the first projection 13.
    By varying the first supernatant 13 and the second supernatant 15, the desired concrete coverage can be adjusted. In other words, it can be set by how far the first reinforcing mat or the second reinforcing mat is arranged away from a concrete surface. The supernatants 13, 15 are preferably chosen to be the same size, so that the reinforcing element 2 or a double wall 1 equipped therewith is formed symmetrically. However, in an alternative variant or for special applications, it is also possible that the projections 13, 15 are chosen differently.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that, in addition to the spacers 9, tension rods 16 are also arranged on the reinforcing element 2, which are arranged at an angle 17 to the spacers 9 or to a normal one on the mat planes 5, 6. The tension rods 16 preferably extend between the first mat plane 5 and the second mat plane 6. Furthermore, the tension rods 16 are preferably arranged in pairs V-shaped, whereby the reinforcing element 2 can be given increased rigidity. In particular, it can be achieved by a parallel displacement of the two reinforcing mats 3, 4 being opposed to each other by increased resistance or increased strength. The tension rods 16 may preferably have a smaller diameter than the spacers 9. In addition, it may be provided that the tension rods 16 have the same diameter as the mesh rods 7.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the spacers 9 and / or the tension rods 16 are connected to them at a distance 18 from the nodal points 8 of the mat rods 7. It can thus be achieved that the spacers 9 and / or tension bars 16 are readily accessible at their connection points with the mat bars 7. Automated processing by means of a manufacturing robot or a manufacturing plant can thereby be facilitated.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that 4Auflagestäbe 19 are formed in the region of the second reinforcing mat, which define a support plane 20. These support rods 19 may be particularly advantageous in the creation of the reinforcement element 2, since they can be well connected to the spacers 9 and the tie rods 16, respectively, and thereby forming the support plane 20 upon which the second reinforcement mat 4 can be applied in the manufacturing process. Thus, it can be achieved that the second reinforcing mat 4 is already approximately in its final position during the manufacturing process.
    How out. It can be provided that the spacers 9 are arranged normally on the first mat plane 5 or standing on the second mat plane 6 on the reinforcing element 2.
    As clearly visible and schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, a first wall shell 21 is formed in the area of the first reinforcing mat 3 and a second wall shell 22 in the region of the second reinforcing mat 4. The insulation element 23 is preferably embodied as an insulation plate of, for example, expanded polystyrene, which in the manufacturing process for producing the double wall 1 as a whole or in the form of large plates between the first 21 and the second wall shell 22 is introduced. Furthermore, it can be provided that the insulation element 23 is formed from a different insulation material, and is, for example, soft-elastic.
    As can be seen particularly well in FIG. 3, it is provided that the insulation element 23 has at least one recess 24, through which the insulation element 23 is penetrated by a spacer 9. The shape of these recesses 24 is dependent on how the insulation element 23 is introduced into the double wall 1, or how the spacers 9 or tension rods 16 are arranged in the reinforcement element 2. If, for example, no angularly extending tension rods are provided in the reinforcing element 2 and the spacers 9normal arranged on the mat levels 5, 6, it can be provided that the insulation element 23 is pressed during the manufacturing process on the Abstand¬halter 9 under the action of force, at For this purpose, the recesses 24 can be generated by the spacers 9 and thus have the same shape and the same diameter as the spacers 9. For this purpose, it may be necessary for the spacers 9 to be pointed in order to pierce or penetrate the insulating element 23 to be able to. With such a variant of the double wall, a high thermal insulation value can be achieved since no foreign material can penetrate into the recess 24.
    In an alternative variant, it can be provided that the recesses 24 are already introduced into the insulation element 23 before the insulation element 23 is joined to the reinforcement element 2. In this way, the joining process can be facilitated, since the force required for joining can be lower. The recesses can be produced, for example, by means of a drill, which is attached to a production robot.
    If the spacers 9 are arranged at an angle, or if tensile bars 16 are provided in addition to the spacers 9, then it may be necessary for the recesses 24 to be introduced into the insulating element in the form of oblong holes. An embodiment of this is shown in Fig. 4.
    In a double wall 1, a Zwi¬schenbereich 25 is formed between the two wall shells 21,22, which is filled after the erection of the double wall 1 on site with concrete to obtain a solid concrete wall. Ideally, the wall shells 21, 22 have the smallest possible wall thickness 26, 27, so that the double wall 1 is as light as possible for transport. The limits for the minimum wall thickness 26, 27 of the wall shells 21, 22 result, on the one hand, from the minimum cover which the wall shells 21, 22 must have. This minimum overlap is, for example, the distance from the outer surface 28 of the first wall shell 21 to the first plane 5 of the mat. The minimum cover can be adjusted by the positioning of the spacers 9 and is the same size as the first protrusion 13. The same applies to the second wall shell 22, wherein the minimum overlap is also calculated by the outer surface 29 of the second wall shell 22. The wall thicknesses 26, 27 also result from a required minimum distance of an inner surface 30 of the first wall shell 21 to the first reinforcing mat 3 or an inner surface 31 of the second wall shell 22 to the second reinforcing mat 4. The inventive construction of the reinforcing element 2 can be achieved that the Wall thicknesses 26, 27 can be as low as possible. Due to the use of two reinforcing mats 3, 4 which are stably connected to each other by the spacers 9, the risk that the reinforcing element 2 tears out of one of the wall shells 21, 22 is reduced.
    FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the double wall 1, which is possibly independent of itself, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are again used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 3. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 3. In FIG. 4, as in FIG. 3, a view according to III from FIG. 1 was also selected.
    In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the rod-shaped spacers 9 are not normal standing on the mat levels 5, 6 standing, but are arranged at an angle zudiesen. This can be achieved that the spacers 9 the
    Function of the tension rods 16 can take over from Fig. 3 and thus the Zugstäbe16 are not necessary in this embodiment. In this exemplary embodiment, it is also readily apparent that the insulating element 23 in such a form of embodiment must have recesses 24 in the form of oblong holes in order to be able to guide the spacers 9 through the insulating element 23.
    As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4, provision can be made for protective caps 33 to be provided on at least one end section 32 of the spacers 9, which protect the spacer 9 against corrosion or serve as a contact element in the manufacturing process.
    5 shows a section of a spacer 9 with a protective cap 33 shown schematically. As shown in FIG. 5, the protective cap 33 has a receiving bore 34 in which the spacer 9 can be received. In the illustration from FIG. 5, the protective cap 33 is not completely plugged onto the spacer 9 in order to be able to better represent the inner life of the protective cap 33. Preferably, the protective cap 33 will be plugged onto the spacer 9 until it stops. A diameter 35 of the receiving bore 34 is selected to be the same size or smaller than a diameter 36 of the spacer holder 9. It can thereby be achieved that the protective cap 33 can be plugged onto the spacer 9 under the action of force and firmly seated thereon taken. Thus, the protective cap 33 can not be accidentally shaken down during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, it can be provided that, as can be seen from FIG. 5, the protective cap 33 is designed to taper and / or be rounded in an end section 37 facing away from the receiving bore 34. In particular, it can be provided that the protective cap 33 has a cone-like shape in the end section 37. As a result, it can be achieved that the protective cap 33 in the end section 37 is made as slender as possible so that the protective cap 33 is as far as possible or only slightly visible on the surface of a double wall 1.
    The protective cap 33 is preferably made of a plastic material. This may include, for example, a thermoplastic resin having high chemical resistance and high aging resistance.
    FIGS. 6 to 10 explain or explain the production process for the production of a double wall 1 on the basis of the schematic representations, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the respective preceding figures. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the respective preceding figures or reference is made.
    In this document, the semi-finished product of the double wall 1 is referred to as component 38.
    For the production of the double wall 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the first reinforcing mat 3 is provided in a first method step. The first Beweh¬rungsmatte 3 here may be a purchased part or it is also possible that the first reinforcing mat 3 is made directly on site by welding Matt rods 7.
    In addition, the spacers 9 are prepared, which are cut to length and can already be fitted on one side with the protective caps 33.
    After providing the first reinforcing mat 3, the bar-shaped spacers 9 are positioned opposite the mat bars 7 of the first reinforcing mat 3. It can be provided that the spacers 9 are positioned so that they protrude relative to the mat rods 7 of the first reinforcing mat 3 around the first protrusion 13. If the spacers 9 are correctly positioned, they can subsequently be welded to the mat rods 7 of the first mat 3.
    In order to be able to position the spacers 9 projecting above the mat rods 7 of the mat 3, it can be provided that the mat 3 is placed on pad blocks and thus the free space for the first projection 13 is created. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that in the production process, the first reinforcing mat 3 rests on a flat surface, in which recesses are introduced, wherein the spacers 9 can be introduced into these recesses and thus can be positioned above the first Be¬ reinforcement mat 3 above. In yet another variant, it is also conceivable that the first reinforcing mat 3 is held in position by a gripper system of a robot and the spacers 9 are positioned and welded relative to the first reinforcing mat 3 by means of another robot.
    Furthermore, it is also conceivable that, in addition to the spacers 9, tension rods 16 are also positioned on the first reinforcing mat 3 and welded thereto.
    With these method steps, the three-dimensional reinforcing element 2 is now at least partially manufactured to the component 38, which serves as the basis for the weite¬ren process steps for the production of the double wall 1. The component 38 can be well transported in a manufacturing shop or manufacturing process for the production of the double wall 1 by means of a lifting crane within the manufacturing plant, whereby it is possible that the component 38 is prefabricated independently of the actual manufacturing steps for the production of the double wall 1. As a result, the production process for producing the double wall 1 can be considerably simplified or rationalized.
    As can be seen from Fig. 7, the insulation element 23 will now be applied to the component 38. The insulation element 23, which may be provided with prepared recesses 24, can be introduced into the component 38 by means of a production robot or else by hand. In particular, the insulating element 23 is slipped onto the spacers 9 welded to the first reinforcing mat 3.
    In a subsequent method step, the second reinforcing mat 4 is positioned at the normal distance 10 from the first reinforcing mat 3 and welded to the spacers 9. Again, it is possible that the second Beweh¬ mattress 4 is held by means of a robot system or other manufacturing plant in position and then welded.
    Through these method steps, a three-dimensional reinforcement element 2 can be produced, which has a high stability and in which the insulation element 23 is already integrated.
    Furthermore, it is also conceivable that prior to positioning the second Beweh¬ mungsmatte 4 parallel to the first reinforcing mat 3, the support rods 19 are positioned parallel to the first reinforcing mat 3 and welded to the spacers 9 and or Zugstäben 16, so that the support plane 20 is formed. The second reinforcing mat 4 can now be laid on this support plane 20, whereby an excessive deformation of the second reinforcing mat 4 is reduced or avoided during the manufacturing process.
    It can then be provided that the further protective caps 33 are mounted on the spacers 9.
    As can be seen from FIG. 8, a formwork pallet 39 for producing the double wall 1, in particular the first wall shell 21, is now prepared. For this purpose, are provided on a surface 40 of the formwork pallet 39 around Begrenzungs¬ formwork 41.
    Furthermore, a concrete layer 44 is applied to the prepared formwork pallet 39 in order to provide the concrete for the first wall shell 21. Here, the concrete layer 44 is applied to the Schaβlungspalette 39 by means of a concrete supply device 42. It can be provided that the Betonbereit¬ device 42 is reciprocated in a horizontal direction of movement 43, so that the concrete layer 44 is uniformly distributed on the formwork pallet 39. In this process step, so much concrete is applied to the formwork pallet 39 until a sufficient amount of concrete for the desired wall thickness 26 of the first wall shell 21 is provided.
    Subsequently, the prepared reinforcement element 2 can be immersed in the concrete layer 44 applied to the treatment pallet 39 until the first reinforcement mat 3 is completely covered by the concrete layer 44.
    It can be provided that the welded and thus stable Beweh¬ rungselement 2 is placed on the formwork pallet 39, wherein the Abstandhal¬ter 9 in particular at its end portion 32 on the surface 40 of the Schaβlungspalette 39 rest.
    In order to sufficiently compact the concrete layer 44, it can be seen that in the manufacturing process the shuttering pallet 39 vibrates, or that externally a vibrating bottle is introduced into the concrete layer 44 in order to adequately compact or homogenize the concrete layer 44.
    After this covering of the first reinforcing mat 3 with a concrete layer 44, the concrete layer 44 is brought to harden and thus forms the first wall shell 21. The curing process can take place here at ambient conditions, or it is also possible that the curing process beispiels¬weise in a curing chamber at elevated temperature is carried out.
    In Fig. 9, this curing process is shown, wherein the first wall shell 21 is already brought into its final form.
    If the first wall shell 21 is sufficiently hardened in order to be able to lift it, the reinforcement element 2 with the first wall shell 21 arranged thereon is lifted off the formwork pallet 39 by means of a lifting means and is turned.
    In the view of FIG. 10, the position of the reinforcement element 2 is shown with already introduced insulation element 23 and the first wall shell 21. As is further apparent from FIG. 10, after the component 38 has been lifted off, the shuttering pallet 39 is again covered with a concrete layer 44 in order to provide the sound for the second wall shell 22.
    Subsequently, similar to the production of the first wall shell 21, the Beweh¬ rungselement immersed in the concrete layer 44 and subsequently hardened the Beton¬ layer 44, so that the second wall shell 22 is generated.
    FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of the reinforcing element 2 of a double wall 1, which may be independent of itself, and where the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 10. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figures 1 to 10 or reference.
    Fig. 11 shows in a perspective view a complex reinforcement element 2, as is required for the double wall 1 of a house. As can be seen from Fig. 9, it can be provided that recesses 45, for example for windows or doors, are provided in the reinforcement element 2.
    Furthermore, as is apparent from FIG. 11, it is conceivable that in the reinforcement element 2 at least one lifting bracket 46 extending between the first 3 and second reinforcing mat 4 and welded thereto is arranged, by means of which the double wall 1 is positioned with a lifting means or can be offset. An advantage here is that the lifting bar 46 can be arranged as close as possible between the two reinforcing mats 3, 4 in order to facilitate handling of the reinforcing element 2. Furthermore, the Anhe¬bebügel 46 contribute to an additional stabilization of the reinforcing element 2. Another advantage of a lifting bow 46 welded to the reinforcing mats 3, 4 is that it is connected to the reinforcing element 2 or the double wall 1 with increased strength. Thus, the likelihood is reduced that during the Verheb¬ process of Beweh¬rungselementes 2, or one equipped with the reinforcing element 2 double wall 1, these can be solved by the lifting bracket 46 and thus represents a possible source of danger to persons.
    FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of the double wall 1, which may be independent of itself, and in which again the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 10. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 10. As an alternative to forming a double wall 1 with an insulation element 23 and an intermediate region 25, as shown in FIG. 3, it can be provided according to FIG. 11 that the intermediate region 25 is omitted. Such a design is also referred to as a sandwich wall 47. In the case of a sandwich wall 47, both the first wall shell 21 and the second wall shell 22 directly adjoin the insulation element 23 introduced between the wall shells 21, 22. The resulting sandwich wall 47 can be pushed or transported as a whole.
    In all the embodiments shown, it is possible that the insulating element 23 extends up to an edge region of the longitudinal side or the broad side of a double wall 1 or sandwich wall 47. Alternatively, it is also possible that the insulating element 23 is covered in an edge region of the longitudinal side or the broad side of one of the wall shells 21,22.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of Doppelwand1, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but vielmehrauch various combinations of the individual embodiments are inter alia possible and this possibility of variation due to the doctrine for technical action by tangible invention in the skill of professional in this technical field.
    Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments shown and described can also represent solutions that are inventive, inventive or inventive.
    The problem underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description. All statements on ranges of values in the description given herein are to be understood as including any and all subsections thereof, for example, the indication 1 to 10 should be understood as encompassing all subranges, starting from the lower bound 1 and the upper bound 10, i. all subregions begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.
    Above all, the individual embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 4, 5, 6 to 9, 10 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. The relevant objects and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the construction of the double wall 1, these or their components have been shown partly in an inaccurate manner and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 double wall TI wall thickness second wall 2 reinforcement element shell 3 first reinforcement mat 28 outer surface first wall 4 second reinforcement mat shell 5 first mat plane 29 outer surface second 6 second mat plane wall shell 7 mat rod 30 inner surface first wall 8 node shell 9 rod-shaped spacer 31 inner surface second 10 Standard distance mat levels Wall shell 11 Welded joint 32 End section Spacer 12 from second reinforcement mat 33 Protective cap facing direction 34 Mounting hole Protective 13 First protrusion cap 14 from first reinforcement mat 35 Direction of protrusion facing away from bore 14 Second protrusion 36 Diameter Spacer 16 Drawbar 37 End section Protective cap 17 Angle 38 Component 18 Distance 39 Formwork pallet 19 Support bar 40 Surface of formwork pallet 20 Supporting level 41 Limiting formwork 21 First wall shell 42 Concrete preparation device 22 Second wall shell 23 Insulation element ent 43 Horizontal direction of movement 24 Recessing 25 Intermediate area 44 Concrete layer 26 Wall thickness First wall recess 45 Recess le 46 Lifting bracket 47 Sandwich wall
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    1. double wall (1) comprising a first (21) and a second Wandscha¬ (22) made of concrete, in which first (21) and second wall shell (22) a Beweh¬rungselement (2) is at least partially integrated, wherein between the first (21) and the second wall shell (22) an insulating element (23) is arranged, characterized in that the reinforcing element (2) has a first Beweh¬rungsmatte (3) which is integrated in the first wall shell (21) and a second reinforcing mat (4) which is integrated in the second wall shell (22), wherein the reinforcing mats (4) have at an intersection (8) angled metallic mat rods (7) welded to one another and with respect to their first (5) and the second mat plane (6) are held apart by rod-shaped spacers (9) at a normal distance (10), the spacers (9) being metallic and being welded by welded connections (11), preferably resistance welding connections, with e individual mat rods (7) of the first (3) and the second reinforcing mat (4) are permanently connected.
    [2]
    2. double wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the Iso¬lierungselement (23) has a substantially plate-like shape, wherein the insulating element (23) is penetrated by the spacers (9).
    [3]
    3. double wall according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least individual spacers (9) at least the first mat plane (5) of the first reinforcing mat (3) in a direction away from the second reinforcing mat (4) direction (12) about a first projection (13) project outwardly and extend to an outer surface of the first wall shell (21).
    [4]
    4. Double wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacers (9) also the second mat plane (6) of the second reinforcing mat (4) in a direction away from the first reinforcing mat (3) direction (14) to a second projection (15) project outwardly and extend to an outer surface of the second wall shell (22).
    [5]
    5. Double wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the spacers (9) are aligned normal to the mat levels (5, 6).
    [6]
    6. Double wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge that in at least one end portion (32) of at least einzel¬nen spacers (9) protective caps (33) are arranged.
    [7]
    Double wall according to claim 6, characterized in that the protective caps (33) are made of a plastic material, in particular formed by an injection molded part, and have a receiving bore (34) whose diameter (35) is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter ( 36) of the spacers (9) in the region of the projection (13, 15).
    [8]
    8. double wall according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the protective caps (33) in an end facing away from the receiving bore (34) end portion (37) are tapered and / or rounded.
    [9]
    9. double wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at an angle (17) to the spacers (9) extending tensile bars (16) with the mat bars (7) of the first (3) and the second Beweh¬rungsmatte (4 ) are welded.
    [10]
    10. Double wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the insulating element (23) has a recess (24) in the form of a circular bore or an elongated hole, which is penetrated by the spacers (9).
    [11]
    11. A method for producing a double wall (1), in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, with the following procedural steps: - providing a first reinforcing mat (3) with at an intersection (8) angularly welded to each other metallic mat rods (7); - Positioning rod-shaped spacers (9) relative to the mat rods (7) of the first reinforcing mat (3); - Welding the spacer (9) with the mat rods (7) of the first Beweh¬rungsmatte (3); - Applying a substantially plate-shaped insulating element (23) on the first reinforcing mat (3), wherein the insulating element (23) is penetrated by the rod-shaped spacers (9); Positioning a second reinforcing mat (4) at a normal distance (10) to the first reinforcing mat (3), wherein the second reinforcing mat (4) is positioned such that the spacers (9) between first reinforcing mat (3) and second reinforcing mat ( 4) extend; Welding the spacers (9) to the mat rods (7) of the second reinforcing mat (4) to provide a three-dimensional reinforcing element (2); - Providing a horizontally oriented formwork pallet (39) and attaching boundary formwork (41) on the formwork pallet (39); - orders a concrete layer (44) on the formwork pallet (39); Immersing the first reinforcing mat (3) of the reinforcing element (2) in the concrete layer (44), shaking the shuttering pallet (39) and / or the reinforcing element (2) as required; - Storage of the component (38) until solidification or hardening of Beton¬ layer (44) to a first wall shell (21); - lifting the reinforcement element (2) together with the first wall shell (21) attached thereto from the formwork pallet (39); - turning the reinforcement element (2) together with the first wall shell (21) attached thereto; - Providing a horizontally oriented formwork pallet (39) and Anbrin¬ conditions of boundary formwork (41) on the formwork pallet (39); - orders a concrete layer (44) on the formwork pallet (39); Immersing the second reinforcing mat (4) of the reinforcing element (2) in the concrete layer (44), shaking the shuttering pallet (39) and / or the reinforcing element (2) as required; - Storage of the component (38) to a solidification or hardening of Beton¬ layer (44) to a second wall shell (22).
    [12]
    12. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the spacers (9) relative to the mat rods (7) of the first reinforcing mat (3) are positioned such that the Abstand¬ holder (9) relative to the mat rods (7) projecting the first reinforcing mat (3) around a first projection (13).
    [13]
    13. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the second reinforcing mat (4) is so positio¬ ned that the spacers (9) opposite the mat bars (7) of the second reinforcing mat (4) around a projecting second supernatant (15).
    [14]
    14. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to one of the An¬sprüche 11 to 13, characterized in that prior to positioning the rod-shaped spacers (9) cut to length and at least one end portion (32) with protective caps (33) be provided.
    [15]
    15. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to one of the An¬sprüche 11 to 14, characterized in that in addition at an angle (17) to the spacers extending tie rods (16) with the mat rods (7) are welded ver¬.
    [16]
    16. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to one of the An¬sprüche 11 to 13, characterized in that before applying the plate-shaped insulating element (23) recesses (24) introduced in the form of a circular bore or a long hole in this become.
    [17]
    17. A method for producing a double wall (1) according to one of the An¬sprüche 11 to 14, characterized in that prior to positioning of the second reinforcement mat (4), parallel to the first reinforcing mat (3) extending support rods (19) positioned and with the spacers (9) and / or the tensile bars (16) are welded.
    [18]
    18. A method for producing a component (38) according to one of Ansprü¬che 11 to 15, characterized in that the storage of the component (38) up to a solidification or hardening of the concrete layer (44) to a first (21) and / or second wall shell (22) is made in a curing chamber.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016023059A1|2016-02-18|
    EP3191658B1|2019-07-17|
    CN106795715A|2017-05-31|
    EP3191658A1|2017-07-19|
    RU2017107500A|2018-09-13|
    AT516119B1|2016-05-15|
    RU2017107500A3|2019-03-06|
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    法律状态:
    2020-10-15| MA04| Withdrawal (renunciation)|Effective date: 20200811 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50566/2014A|AT516119B1|2014-08-12|2014-08-12|Double wall and method for producing a double wall|ATA50566/2014A| AT516119B1|2014-08-12|2014-08-12|Double wall and method for producing a double wall|
    RU2017107500A| RU2017107500A3|2014-08-12|2015-08-11|
    EP15771849.5A| EP3191658B1|2014-08-12|2015-08-11|Method for producing a double wall|
    PCT/AT2015/050199| WO2016023059A1|2014-08-12|2015-08-11|Double wall and method for producing a double wall|
    CN201580054843.2A| CN106795715A|2014-08-12|2015-08-11|Double-wall structure and the method for manufacturing double-wall structure|
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